![]() ![]() (credit: modification of work by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Spirochetes The reticulate bodies multiply and release more elementary bodies when the cell dies after the Chlamydia uses all of the host cell’s ATP. Once inside the host cell, the elementary bodies turn into active reticulate bodies. Figure 4.12 illustrates the life cycle of Chlamydia.įigure 4.12 Chlamydia begins infection of a host when the metabolically inactive elementary bodies enter an epithelial cell. The metabolically and reproductively inactive elementary bodies are the endospore-like form of intracellular bacteria that enter an epithelial cell, where they become active. ![]() Members of the genus Chlamydia are gram-negative, obligate intracellular pathogens that are extremely resistant to the cellular defenses, giving them the ability to spread from host to host rapidly via elementary bodies. This disease is often mildly symptomatic, manifesting as regional lymph node swelling, or it may be asymptomatic, but it is extremely contagious and is common on college campuses. ![]() trachomatis also causes the sexually transmitted disease lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). trachomatis is a human pathogen that causes trachoma, a disease of the eyes, often leading to blindness. A diverse group of phototrophic bacteria that includes Proteobacteria and nonproteobacteria will be discussed at the end of this section. In this section, we will describe four classes of gram-negative nonproteobacteria: Chlamydia, the spirochetes, the CFB group, and the Planctomycetes. Those that do not are called the nonproteobacteria. The majority of the gram-negative bacteria belong to the phylum Proteobacteria, discussed in the previous section.
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